Comma Rules. 1. Use a comma to separate three or more words, phrases, or clauses written in a series. Example: The Constitution establishes the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. 2. Use a comma after transition words and phrases that begin a sentence: however, therefore, on the other hand, for example, etc. The rule today that many people get confused about is the rule about putting a comma after a prepositional phrase at the beginning of the sentence. She ran next to Alice as well as Tim. Ah, the good old days! After opening the new cookie tin (and eating several of the cookies), Chester had a hard time replacing the lid. Whatever. What are you doing? The comma is like the glue that holds the two independent parts of the sentence together. Think of punctuation as speed bumps for your words. When you come to one, assume that something is going to happen. Depending on which symbol it is... Notice the natural pause in your voice: Tom: I am studying at the university. EnglishClub: Learn English: Grammar: Sentence Structure: Compound Sentences Compound Sentences. …Send it to me, please, with the attachments included. Non-restrictive relative clauses are normally introduced by which, whose, who, or whom, but never by that. If you type “comma” and “ but” into Google, the search engine will give you some autosuggestions including: “comma after but at beginning of sentence” and “is there a comma before or after but.” According to editors and grammarians, there … ... A dependent marker word is a word added to the beginning of an independent clause to make it dependent. "if' clause is usually a dependent clause. Two examples with next: Next comes the scene where he buries the toenails. In the “olden” days, the rule was to put a comma after ANY element that came at the beginning of the sentence. You need a comma after “sorry” when it is an introductory interjection in a sentence. Steve replied, 'No problem.' 14) You can use a comma with an introductory phrase or word. Comma After a Short Introductory Phrase . Vocatives should always be used with commas. Usually starts with after although, as, if, because, until, when, et. If the phrase appears at the beginning or end of the sentence, you only need one comma to set the phrase apart. A comma should be placed between the day and year in a date. In fact, a substantial percentage (often as many as 10 percent) of the sentences in first-rate writing begin with conjunctions. In commas and independent clauses is a comma before or more about comma after an opening quotation marks in front of three or indicate a difficult to. I grant that you will find some authorities conceding that the first of a pair of commas enclosing a parenthetical phrase may follow a conjuction immediately. In the next example, the comma after yet in the first I purposely used a comma after in this sentence three paragraphs back and Use a comma after a dependent clause that starts a sentence. As a rule of thumb, if the phrase is longer than about four words, use the comma. A comma should also be used when listing - "We drove home, then parked the car and then finally went inside." A comma should be placed before and after "then". From the example: "We drove home, then, parked the car, and then, finally went inside." 1. If an independent clause follows a dependent clause then you can use a comma to separate it from the independent clause. A comma is pretty much never used after “where” – whether it is in the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence. See the following examples: August 10, 1999, is the day our childcare business opened. When a nonrestrictive clause concludes a sentence, include a comma before the clause. For your writing will improve dramatically. You can use “rather” after a comma if you’re using it as a parenthetical interrupter. When you list three or more items, it’s best to put a … A comma tells readers that the introductory clause or phrase has come to a close and that the main part of the sentence is about to begin. Comma definition, the sign (,), a mark of punctuation used for indicating a division in a sentence, as in setting off a word, phrase, or clause, especially when such a division is accompanied by a slight pause or is to be noted in order to give order to the sequential elements of the sentence. May be that is the reason a comma is used there. When an adverbial phrase begins a sentence, it’s often followed by a comma but it doesn’t have to be, especially if it’s short. Do not use a comma in the following cases: Furthermore, you know it’s true. It's perfectly OK to begin a sentence with a conjunction. Just don't do it over. And over. And over. (Except for rhetorical or narrative effect. Or... The word and is added before the last noun, which is not followed by a comma. Example: "When I went running, I saw a duck." Under the water, you … In French, a semicolon (point-virgule, literally "dot-comma") is a separation between two full sentences, used where either a colon or a comma would not be appropriate. When there is a one word introductory adverb at the beginning of a sentence (such as “sometimes”) or a short prepositional phrase (up to three word... We should at least recognize that the part after the comma introduces two additional points about Newton's book: (1) that it is a fundamental work for the whole of modern science, and (2) that it was a key influence on the philosophy of the European Enlightenment. Put it anywhere, but right at the beginning or end of a sentence. - As well should only come at the end of a sentence with no preceding comma. A list of items can be punctuated like this: We … To avoid confusion. It has examples and an interactive exercise. Whatever. b) we have made many decisions, we need to make a few more. Use a comma after the conjunction when it is followed by an interruption. You will use a comma when you begin a parenthetical pause, as Lincoln did with his “in a larger sense.” But a single comma does not follow the conjunction beginning a sentence. Commas indicate a pause or a list in a sentence. - Also can appear at the beginning or end of a sentence. The rule today that many people get confused about is the rule about putting a comma after a prepositional phrase at the beginning of the sentence. Commas depend on syntax as well as pacing, tone, and personal preference. The missing comma creates a run-on sentence, and like the comma splice, it can often cause confusion. A great example of starting not just a sentence, but several, and the poem as a whole, is provided by William Blake: And did those feet in ancient... Choose the comma errors in. In the US, the tendency is not to use a comma when there’s only a short introduction to a sentence (sometimes, often, in the past, and similar intr... Rule: If the dependent clause comes first, you should use a comma. A comma splice occurs when two independent clauses are joined together using only a comma. I got an e-mail from a reader named Mike who had a question about the sentence “Soon I will go to the office,” which I had used as an example in a piece I wrote. Thank you in advance and sorry about being anon. Some modern writers are now dropping the comma, but I still like it because it indicates a pause. A better method would be to use "however" within a sentence after the phrase you want to negate, as in the previous sentence. Use a comma when attributing quotes. Usually this is limited to words like And, But, However, Thus, Hence, and Therefore. For example “Dear Mr Smith” in a business email has lost the comma. In general, the comma shows that the words immediately before the comma are less closely or exclusively linked grammatically to those immediately after the comma than they might be otherwise. July 4, 1776, was an important day in American history. That works just fine in the first sentence. The Chicago Manual of Style* states: "Introductory phrase with comma. You might do this to avoid using it at the beginning when you are insecure about your audience, or you might do it because it makes sense with the rhythm of your sentence. Whether people add a comma after an adverb at the beginning of a sentence is purely a stylistic choice. Some people were taught to prefer it one wa... If You Use a Serial Comma, Use it Consistently. Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase. [A comma is required after mother’s because it … We saw in sentence structure that a compound sentence is two (or more) independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction or semicolon.So a compound sentence is like two or more simple sentences added together. Apr 11 2015 18:01:38. anonymous + 0. "next" and "then" can both be used for an action that happens after another action but we usually use: "next": for an action that happens immediately after another action, or as soon as possible. There are more usages of a comma, for example, how adding or removing comma before and after a name changes the meaning of the sentence — In this Grammar.com article let us understand how to correctly use commas with names. In particular, books about the African continent arouse my curiosity. As comma rule to separate and commas help your text. Use a Comma in these situations: After a dependent clause at the beginning of a sentence; After introductory adverbs and phrases like although, interestingly, and in fact. A vocative is when you use address someone by name, e.g. Many stylists prefer not to use however right at the beginning of a sentence. You need to put a comma both before and after a non-restrictive relative clause. - Meanwhile can appear at the beginning of a sentence or after a subject. Good question considering the fact that many of us have been taught that it's wrong to start a sentence with a conjunction. ‘But’ is a conjunction;...

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